At the dawn of the microcomputer era, lowercase text was considered a big deal. That’s because many home computers at the time displayed only uppercase letters. Memory was tight. Full-ASCII character generators added to the system’s cost. Yes, a microcomputer that displayed lowercase text was a big deal.
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Division is the last of the four basic arithmetic operations taught. Addition is easiest, followed by subtraction. Multiplication is merely aggressive addition. Division is a weird un-multiplication combined with subtraction thing, which is probably why educators save the concept for last.
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A new operator was added to the C language in the last revision, one that I don’t cover in my books. (I’m not sure how that happened.) Anyway, it’s the Elvis operator. Unless you’re a fan of the ternary operator, you’ll probably never use it.
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A perfect shuffle splits a deck of cards in two. The second half is folded evenly into the first half, so that every other card comes from the first and last half of the deck, respectively. This type of shuffle is practically impossible in real life, but for a computer simulation it’s not that difficult.
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Last week’s Lesson showed how to shift a column of numbers in an array grid. The array just happens to be a magic square. So the puzzle is to run the array through the confirm_magic() function, which was presented in a previous week’s Lesson. Seems easy.
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A perfect shuffle occurs when you shuffle a deck of cards so that all the cards from the second half of the deck are perfectly interspliced between the cards in the first half of a deck. Such a shuffle is illustrated in Figure 1.
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Before moving off the topic of arrays and their bogus dimensions, I want to play further with a magic square. Specifically, it intrigues me that you can shift rows or columns within the square and it doesn’t affect the magical properties.
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Suppose you have an array of integers which represents a magic square: All the rows and columns — even the two diagonals — add to the same total. To prove it, you create a function, confirm_magic() that processes the array and validates the math. You have just one problem . . .
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Multi-dimension array notation is just a handy shortcut for you, the human programmer. Internally, an array is a single-file line of values, one marching after another. The dimensional aspect helps humans organize the array’s data, but all that organization is superficial.
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The solution for this month’s Exercise involves two steps. The first is to generate a random value from 1 to 365 (inclusive) as a day-of-the-year value. The second is to determine upon which month and day that value falls. That part may offer more difficulty than you anticipate.
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